Why Cancer is Affecting Younger People and How to Reduce the Risk

The increase in the number of cancer diagnoses among young people is a growing concern. While cancer deaths are declining globally, the incidence of cancer in individuals under the age of 50, particularly colorectal cancer, is significantly rising.

A study published in the journal BMJ Oncology by scientists from Zhejiang University in China, Harvard University in the United States, and Edinburgh University in the UK, revealed that the number of under-50s being diagnosed with cancer has increased by nearly 80 percent in the past 30 years. In 1990, there were less than 2 million global cases of early-onset cancer, compared to over 3 million in 2019.

The data also indicated a 27 percent increase in cancer-related deaths among individuals in their 30s and 40s. Colorectal cancer has seen a particularly drastic increase, with the American Cancer Society reporting that 20 percent of all colorectal cancer diagnoses in 2019 were in patients under age 55, which is double the rate of diagnosis since 1995.

Several factors have been identified as potential causes for this surge in cancer diagnoses among young people, including high sugar and ultra-processed food consumption, sedentary lifestyles, and genetic predisposition. Lifestyle factors, environmental exposure, and the microbiome have all been suggested as explanations for the increase in cancer incidence among young people.

It is anticipated that by the end of this decade, 10 percent of colon cancers and 22 percent of rectal cancers diagnosed in the United States will be in patients younger than 50, compared to 4 percent and 9 percent respectively in 2008.

While further research is necessary to fully understand the reasons behind the rising incidence of cancer among young people, individuals can take steps to reduce their risk. Leading a healthy lifestyle, engaging in regular physical activity, and consuming a balanced diet low in sugar and processed foods can all play a role in lowering the risk of early-onset cancer. Additionally, being aware of any changes in bowel movements and not ignoring symptoms such as rectal bleeding, constipation, or diarrhoea can aid in early detection and prompt treatment.

The link between diet, physical activity, and the risk of developing cancer is well-documented. High sugar consumption and ultra-processed foods are associated with an increased risk of several types of cancer, including colorectal cancer. Conversely, regular physical activity has been shown to lower the risk of colon cancer. Therefore, adopting a healthy lifestyle can be crucial in reducing the risk of developing cancer at a young age.

In conclusion, the rising incidence of cancer among younger people is indeed alarming. However, by making conscious lifestyle choices and being vigilant about any changes in health, individuals can take proactive steps in reducing their risk of early-onset cancer. It is essential to raise awareness about these risk factors and promote the importance of a healthy lifestyle in mitigating the growing impact of cancer on the younger population.