Preventing Heart Attacks: The Power of Lifestyle Changes and Personalized Treatment

A recent research study conducted by Helsinki University Hospital (HUS) has brought to light the fact that the majority of heart attacks can be prevented through healthy lifestyle choices. Despite a gradual decrease in new heart attack cases since the mid-1990s, there has been a concerning rise among women aged 35-54, which may be linked to the increasing prevalence of obesity, according to Professor Juha Sinisalo, a Cardiology Professor at the Heart and Lung Center.

Heart attacks, which occur when there is sudden damage to the heart muscle due to oxygen deprivation, are often caused by a blockage in the coronary artery. These conditions develop silently over time and are among the most significant reducers of life years. Risk factors for heart attacks include smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, obesity, and a sedentary lifestyle.

Dr. Sinisalo emphasizes that most heart attacks could be prevented if risk factors were managed in a timely manner. Effective prevention of the first attack can be achieved through lifestyle changes and, if necessary, medication for blood pressure and cholesterol.

When it comes to treatment, heart attacks, especially in their early stages, can be managed excellently with angioplasty and potent medication. Adhering to treatment guidelines can significantly reduce the risk of recurrence.

In terms of advancements in treatment, HUS is focused on continuously developing new treatments for heart and vascular diseases. One notable development is the use of a pharmacogenetic panel at Meilahti Tower Hospital to tailor medication for heart attack patients. This genetic test helps choose the most suitable medication and minimize side effects, with results available in about 1-2 weeks.

Another significant innovation is the Coronary Artery Disease Digital Care Pathway offered by Terveyskylä, a joint digital health service of university hospitals. This digital pathway provides reliable information about the disease and connects patients with healthcare professionals. Patients can use it to maintain a symptom diary, book laboratory appointments and follow-ups, and manage their medication.

This study underscores the importance of prevention and personalized treatment in combating heart attacks. By addressing risk factors early and employing customized medication strategies, significant strides can be made in reducing the incidence and severity of heart attacks.